"shopify app dev" breaks with new theme app extension

I have reproduced the issue on the latest CLI version.

Yes, I am on the latest version

I have searched existing posts and this report is not a duplicate.

Yes, this isn’t a duplicate

In which of these areas are you experiencing a problem?

App
Extension

Expected behavior

“shopify app dev” runs after installing new extension with no modifications

Actual behavior

crashes with error:
Unexpected end of JSON input

not sure when this could have started happening, other types of extensions within the same app works fine (3 function (cart transform, checkout validation, discount extensions))

Reproduction steps

  • run “shopify app generate extension” > give name and choose theme app extension, no modifications whatsoever

  • run shopify app dev, get JSON error

  • removing the extension and running “shopify app dev”, runs with no issues

Verbose output

last two lines from running shopify app dev --verbose before the crash:

2026-07-10T22:02:08.747Z: Reusing crawler signature “Shopify CLI” for xxxx.myshopify.com (present: Signature, Signature-Input, Signature-Agent; missing: none).
2026-07-10T22:02:08.978Z: Request to https://xxxx.myshopify.com/admin/api/2026-07/graphql.json completed in 240 ms

Operating system

MacOS / shopify-cli via homebrew

CLI version

4.4.0

Shell

zsh

Nodejs version

v23.9.0

What language and version are you using in your application?

js?